‘The many sophisticated experiments to study its physiology, entrainment, and the molecular mechanisms of feedback loops that exist in bacteria, as well as the clock-controlled genes are explored in detail.’ ‘A cement mix consists of Portland cement, aggregates, water, and air entrainment.’ What made you want to look up air entrainment? Air entrainment is the intentional creation of tiny air bubbles in concrete. An air-entrained network is characterized by the total volume of entrained air expressed, the diameter of the bubbles, the spacing factor (which represents the average half-distance between two adjacent air bubbles), and the average surface volume. 'All Intensive Purposes' or 'All Intents and Purposes'? Air entrainment is the insertion of air bubbles into concrete to create a more durable product that has less cracking and better wear capabilities. Air entraining admixture is usually introduced when it is desired to increase concrete workability without affecting much reduction in compressive strength. This is a basic example of entrainment in nature. Entrainment is when a fluid picks up and drags another fluid or a solid. The strength of air-entrained concrete depends on the water/cement ratio as it does in non-air-entrained concrete. The method of forming a small tiny bubble in the concrete is known as Air entrainment. Delivered to your inbox! Fluid or Air Entrainment. The former in-clude such products as natura l Thunderstorm asthma epidemics may be triggered by grass pollen rupture in the atmosphere and the entrainment of respirable-sized … Start your free trial today and get unlimited access to America's largest dictionary, with: “Air entrainment.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/air%20entrainment. Subscribe to America's largest dictionary and get thousands more definitions and advanced search—ad free! A high velocity flow occurring downstream of the gate causes air entrainment, resulting in subatmospheric air pressure in the conduit. McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Architecture and Construction. Air entrainment in hardened concrete reduces permeability and enhances the resistance to surface deterioration caused by de-icing chemicals. Air can be entrained in concre t e by either of two methods: the use of air entraining agents or of air en-t r aining cements. This finish is optional and produces a hard, smooth surface. A concrete maker introduces the bubbles by adding to the mix an air entraining agent, a surfactant(surface-active substance, a type of chemical that includes detergents). The primary purpose of air entrainment is to increase the durability of the hardened concrete, especially in climates … With 1 per cent of air, the loss of strength is approximately 5 per cent https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Air+entrainment, (General Engineering) a device that facilitates the saturation of a gas or steam current by means of liquid, Water flow vertically falling in smooth water surface stimulates, A high velocity flow occurring downstream of the gate causes, Close to the nozzle outlet, high spray momentum of large liquid structures accelerates nearby air and causes subsequent, The product is polymer modified for enhanced durability and adhesion, with integral, From Figure 9, the spray vapor of LD1500 is seen penetrating faster than that of NO1500 due to lower, The department specified 30 percent slag cement for its increased durability, ASR mitigating properties and a basis for stable development of, Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary, the webmaster's page for free fun content, Investigation of Water Aeration Based on Digital Image Processing, Transient Air-Water Flow and Air Demand following an Opening Outlet Gate, Influence of In-Cylinder Air Flow on Spray Propagation, An Experimental Study on Diesel Spray Injection into a Non-Quiescent Chamber, Slag Cement Association awards outstanding projects, A Study of the Flow Field Surrounding Interacting Line Fires, A CFD study to identify methods to increase maximum velocity of makeup air for atrium smoke control, Air Force air and space operations center, Air Force Intelligence Surveillance and Reconnaissance, Air Engineering Lab., Naval Air Engineering Center, Air Expeditionary Force Center Lessons Learned. amount of air entraining agent, type and gradation of aggre g a t e , hard-ness of water, length and means of mixing, brand of cement, and con-c r ete tempera t u re ) . Air-entrainment is an accepted method of ensuring durability of concrete in a cold environment, with regard to both internal distress and external damage from salt scaling (see also Chapter 9). But, what is air entrainment? But one often-overlooked drawback is the increased probability of air entrainment for systems that incorporate smaller reservoirs. ConAir® air entrainment products introduce millions of uniformly sized and spaced air voids throughout the concrete mixture. Concrete containing these tiny air bubbles have been proven far more resistant to freezing and thawing than plain concrete. An oak leaf flitting through the air on a breezy fall day doesn't move faster or slower than the wind pushing it along. Air entrainment is the intentional creation of tiny air bubbles in concrete. More than 250,000 words that aren't in our free dictionary, Expanded definitions, etymologies, and usage notes. Meaning of entrainment. According to Merriam-Webster's online dictionary entrain means, "to draw along with or after oneself, or to draw in and transport (as … These air pockets relieve internal pressure on the concrete by providing tiny chambers for water to expand into when it freezes. However, even when concrete is properly air-entrained, certain types of coarse aggregates can cause distress. Air entrainment has now been an accepted fact in … The proper amount of entrained air to resist the effects of freeze-thaw is dependent on such factors as aggregate size and freeze-thaw exposure. TAKE THE QUIZ TO FIND OUT Engineers take advantage of this slump reduction to further reduce the water-to-cement ratio in the concrete which can increase the strength of the concrete. Combine this scenario with locations where the general public or employees are routinely present or for a location where a fresh air intake is present and you might want to consider a re-entrainment evaluation. It would be harder for the leaf to move faster or slower than the wind so it "entrains" to the speed of the wind and let's the wind How to use entrain in a sentence. It flies at the same speed as the wind gusts. As mentioned above, anytime an emissions source is located within the vicinity of structures there is the possibility of re-entrainment. All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. 'Nip it in the butt' or 'Nip it in the bud'? entrapped air, accidental air Voids in concrete, usually 1 mm or more in diameter, resulting from air not purposely entrained. Test Your Knowledge - and learn some interesting things along the way. Post the Definition of air entrainment to Facebook, Share the Definition of air entrainment on Twitter, Words From 1921: 100 Years Old and Still Around, The Difference Between 'Libel' and 'Liable'. Please tell us where you read or heard it (including the quote, if possible). Air-entrained concrete contains billions of microscopic air cells per cubic foot. Entrainment is a phenomenon of the atmosphere which occurs when a turbulent flow captures a non-turbulent flow. This increases the resistance of the concrete to freeze-thaw damage in cold climates.… (See also oxygen therapy.) Other uses of air-entrained concrete include sulfate resistance, resistance to alkali-silica reactivity, and improved workability. Can you spell these 10 commonly misspelled words? Definition of entrainment in the Definitions.net dictionary. The entrainment of air packets can be localised or continuous along the air–water interface. ... the capture of drier air. UL's Firefighter Safety Research Institute has conducted an extensive Air Entrainment Study to evaluate the influence of nozzles and their ability to influence the flow path during a fire. The water content for an air-entrained mix will be 3 to 5 gallons per cubic yard less than for a non-air-entrained mix having the same slump. The importance of entrained air was first noticed during the 1930s, when certain highway sections were found to be more immune to the effects of freezing and thawing than others. The flow of 100 per cent oxygen through the mask draws in a controlled amount of room air (21 per cent oxygen). Air-entraining admixtures facilitate the development of a stable air-void system within concrete that increases the durability of the concrete. Air-entraining cements are made by the addition on grinding of a small amount, about 0.05 percent, of an organic agent that causes the entrainment of very fine air bubbles in a concrete. The benefits of smaller machinery are obvious: economy of materials, less energy consumption, less square-footage required. Learn a new word every day. During the concrete making process, some air entrain admixtures are added in … Entrainment is the mixing of environmental air into a preexisting air current or cloud so that the environmental air becomes part of the current or cloud. Depending on the mix, finish timing, etc., the pockets could … the raising or rising of a body in air by supernatural means. What does entrainment mean? Strength of air entrained concrete reduces 5 percent for every 1 percent of entrained air. I personally have been conducting my own back yard testing for … Accessed 7 Jan. 2021. Bernoulli's Priniciple or Effect has practical applications in the field of respiratory care in that it allows us to deliver precise oxygen concentration levels with simple devices by mixing oxygen with entrained room air. a type of disposable face mask used to deliver a controlled oxygen concentration to a patient. Air entrainment — how it happens, how to avoid it. Commonly available masks deliver 24, 28, 31, 35, or 40 per cent oxygen. Air-entraining admixtures are one part of the solution that will prevent damage from freeze-thaw conditions. Transient Air-Water Flow and Air Demand following an Opening Outlet Gate Close to the nozzle outlet, high spray momentum of large liquid structures accelerates nearby air and causes subsequent air entrainment. — Gil L. Taylor, Construction Codes and Inspection Handbook, 2006 First Known Use of air entrainment This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. Hard troweling is a process by which a finisher uses a steel trowel to densify the surface of the concrete. anything of immense size and power. It is typically used to refer to the capture of a wind flow of high moisture content, or in the case of tropical cyclones, the capture of drier air. You must — there are over 200,000 words in our free online dictionary, but you are looking for one that’s only in the Merriam-Webster Unabridged Dictionary. Entrain definition is - to draw along with or after oneself. The bubbles are introduced into the concrete by the addition to the mix of an air entraining agent, a surfactant (surface-active substance, a type of chemical that includes detergents). From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In hydraulic engineering, air bubble entrainment is defined as the entrapment of air bubbles and pockets that are advected within the turbulent flow. The air entrained concrete has a whipped cream effect that allows slump reduction. A technique in which an individual is taught to focus on an extraneous factor (e.g., music) rather than on the normal focus of attention; entraining has been used reduce the need for anaesthesia in patients undergoing surgical procedures, and has been shown to slow breathing and have a sedative effect. The structural engineer will specify the proper air entrainment depending upon the use of the concrete, as well as the location of the project. Entrained air modifies the rheology of concrete and its durability to freezing and thawing cycles. As for the mix, it should be designed to take account for the increase in air content. The air bubbles are created during mixing of the plastic (easy flowing, not hardened) concrete, and most of them survive to be part of the hardened concrete. This evaluation is especially (Civil Engineering) a low-density type of concrete throughout which small air bubbles are dispersed in order to increase its frost resistance: used for making roads. It also is applied in the process of delivering aerosol treatments with medications. power or ability to act or to influence people, events, decisions, etc. air-entrained adjective Air-entrained concrete is generally easier to work with and can be used even if not specifically called for in the plans and specifications. It is claimed that, the place-ability of an air entrained concrete having 7.5 cm slump is better than a non-air entrained concrete with a slump of 12.5 cm. These air bubbles are dispersed throughout the hardened cement paste but are not, by definition, part of the paste (Dolch 1984). With air entrainment, the bleed water in the concrete is inhibited more from coming to the surface and thus you run the risk of various degrees of air pockets formed just beneath the surface. Coarse aggregates can cause distress concrete mixture finisher uses a steel trowel to densify surface! Finisher uses a steel trowel to densify the surface of the concrete ability to or! 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